High blood pressure in hypertension is a sign of persistent chronic hypertension that requires treatment. Even high blood pressure carries a risk of complications.
Blood pressure level indicates the pressure of blood on the vessel walls as blood moves through the vessels. Blood pressure monitor readings can fluctuate up or down throughout the day. This is considered the standard. But if blood pressure levels are always high, then we are talking about a disease called hypertension.
Hypertension, or arterial hypertension, causes serious complications.
The so-called target organs are negatively affected: heart, kidneys, brain, blood vessels, retina. Very often, the consequences of high blood pressure are heart attacks and strokes.
High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure during hypertension is very dangerous and depends on the degree of error. Normal systolic blood pressure ranges from 120 to 129 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ranges from 80 to 84 mmHg.
A diagnosis of "Grade 1 Hypertension" is made if the blood pressure reading remains between 140/90 and 160/100 mmHg. This is a mild level of the disease, in which blood pressure is continuously elevated without damage to internal organs.
In the early stages of hypertension, blood pressure increases periodically. Ongoing stress can cause frequent and prolonged increases. With a calm neuropsychological state, the duration of its increase is short-term and infrequent.
Persistent high blood pressure in hypertension carries a great risk of developing a hypertensive crisis. It's just a matter of time!
The success of treatment of arterial hypertension directly depends on compliance with measures and treatment regimen. Strict compliance with your doctor's recommendations will speed up the reduction of eye pressure indicators to normal levels. The effect can last for a very long time.
You should have your blood pressure checked if you have the following symptoms:
- headache in the back of the head (often throbbing);
- dizzy;
- sleep disorders;
- visual effect of "flies";
- heart broken.
The danger of hypertension lies in the fact that the early stages of the disease often have no symptoms.
A person may not even realize that he or she has high blood pressure. The body quickly adapts to the new indicators and the patient feels quite normal. Meanwhile, the pathological process spreads and affects internal organs.
Catastrophic changes in blood vessels can cause kidney failure, heart attack, stroke, which takes the patient completely by surprise.
Lifestyle changes can have a positive impact on blood pressure levels.
To do this, the patient needs:
- ensure good sleep;
- avoid stressful situations;
- practice body relaxation exercises;
- follow the diet;
- increase physical activity.
If these measures do not help cope with high blood pressure, the patient will be prescribed medication. Your doctor will tell you which medication is best to normalize blood pressure after your examination.
High pressure
High blood pressure caused by hypertension must be treated immediately! Grade 2 (moderate) hypertension is characterized by an increase from 160/100 to 180/110 mmHg. To bring its indicators back to normal at this stage of the disease, it is necessary to use medication. When examining patients diagnosed with stage 2 hypertension, an enlarged left ventricle is often found.
Severe hypertension is diagnosed in cases where blood pressure persistently increases above 180/110 mmHg. Such high rates are often accompanied by serious complications such as stroke, heart attack, and kidney dysfunction.
High blood pressure due to hypertension is the most common cause of death and disability.
Symptoms of very high blood pressure and severe hypertension include:
- arrhythmia;
- epistaxis;
- pain in the heart area;
- headache;
- disorders of gait and coordination of movements;
- severe visual impairment;
- muscle weakness;
- paralysis (due to impaired cerebral circulation);
- hemoptisi;
- Inability to self-serve;
- language disorder;
- the covering of consciousness.
To treat severe hypertension, strong drugs are prescribed or the dosage of conventional drugs is increased. Patients with chronic diseases must take medication for life.
Prevent high blood pressure
If you have not been diagnosed with hypertension, lowering your blood pressure to normal levels should be a daily goal.
To maintain a normal level, you must follow some simple rules:
- maintain normal body weight;
- eat less salt;
- maintain a moderate physical activity regimen;
- stop smoking and reduce consumption of alcoholic beverages;
- consume foods containing potassium (average daily requirement is 3500 mg potassium for adults);
- Include fresh fruits and vegetables and low-fat dairy products in your daily diet.
Proper nutrition
In case of arterial hypertension, it is necessary to adhere to the basic principles of nutrition:
- The daily diet needs to be balanced in terms of protein, fat and carbohydrates. Daily intake of adults: proteins - 100 g, fats - 100 g, carbohydrates - 400 g.
- It is necessary to reduce the consumption of light carbohydrates (rapidly converted into glucose).
- Reduce the amount of salt you consume.
- Enrich your daily menu with foods rich in vitamins, potassium, magnesium and other beneficial trace elements.
- Replace animal fat with vegetable oil.
- Include seafood rich in iodine and fatty acids in your diet.
- Build a reasonable diet: the number of meals a day is 5, the last meal is 2 hours before bedtime.
- Prioritize boiled or steamed dishes.
- The amount of liquid consumed daily should not exceed 1. 5 liters (including liquid dishes and tea).
If there are no chronic abnormalities or vascular diseases, then such simple measures are enough to normalize blood pressure.
For stage 1 hypertension, it is necessary to limit consumption of certain foods. For grades 2 and 3 - completely excluded.
Hypertensive patients are absolutely not recommended to include in their diet:
- rich fish and meat broth;
- fatty pork and lamb;
- strong coffee and tea;
- beef fat, pork fat;
- hot spices;
- baked goods, cakes, pastries;
- pickled vegetables, radishes;
- mayonnaise, fatty sauces;
- chocolate, cocoa;
- sweet soda;
- alcohol and tobacco.
The product reduces blood pressure
For hypertensive patients, the greatest benefit will come from products that contain antioxidants and have the ability to break down fats, thin the blood, and prevent blood clots.
| Nutrient content in the product | List of product models |
|---|---|
| Folic acid | Tomatoes, spinach, citrus fruits, peas, beans |
| Lactic acid | Sauerkraut, low-fat fermented milk products |
| Vitamin C | Rosehip, garlic, grapes, lemon |
| Crude fiber | Potatoes, grains, vegetables, herbs, berries and fruits |
| Phosphorus, magnesium, potassium | Nuts, seafood, seeds |
The list of products can be expanded by observing the basic principles of formulating a menu for hypertensive patients.
Blood pressure changes during the day. Particularly pronounced fluctuations are observed in hypertensive patients. It is low in the morning, then increases after meals and decreases again. In the evening, blood pressure is significantly higher than morning levels. And at night while sleeping, in patients with arterial hypertension, blood pressure can decrease sharply. These increases are more severe in healthy people.
Normalizing blood pressure during hypertension can save a person's life and protect him or her from a heart attack or stroke.